Drugs: the complete collection
 Drugs: the complete collection

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Drugs: the complete collection

All Effectiveness Bank analyses to date of documents related to use and problem use of illegal drugs starting with the analyses most recently added or updated, totalling today 815 documents.

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REVIEW 2010 HTM file
Assertive outreach strategies for narrowing the adolescent substance abuse treatment gap: implications for research, practice, and policy

Ozechowski T.J., Waldron H.B. et al.
Journal of Behavioral Health Services and Research: 2010, 37(1), p. 40–63.
This comprehensive US-focused review addresses the need to enrol more young problem substance users in treatment even if they at first refuse, validated methods for identifying such young people and engaging them in treatment with the help of family and others, and ethical and financial considerations involved in implementing these methods.

STUDY 2010 HTM file
Ultra-rapid opiate detoxification followed by nine months of naltrexone maintenance therapy in Iran

Naderi-Heiden A., Naderi A., Naderi M.M. et al.
Pharmacopsychiatry:2010, 43(4), p. 130–137.
Further evidence from Iran that rapid withdrawal from opioids under anaesthesia followed by the opioid-blocking drug naltrexone can work for highly motivated caseloads with copious 'recovery capital'. For others this expensive and when not adequately controlled, potentially risky procedure generally ends in overdose-threatening relapse.

DOCUMENT 2009 HTM file
Guidelines for the psychosocially assisted pharmacological treatment of opioid dependence

World Health Organization.
World Health Organization, 2009.
Unequivocal backing from UN agencies for methadone and other forms of long term maintenance treatments as the prime modality for the treatment of dependence on heroin and allied drugs. In contrast say the experts, detoxification results in poor long term outcomes.

DOCUMENT 2010 HTM file
Consideration of the use of foil, as an intervention, to reduce the harms of injecting heroin and cocaine

[UK] Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs.
[UK] Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs, 2010.
The evidence which led the UK government's drug policy advisers to call for the legalisation of the supply of foil by medical and drug services to drug users to promote transition from injecting to smoking heroin and crack cocaine.

STUDY 2008 HTM file
Distributing foil from needle and syringe programmes (NSPs) to promote transitions from heroin injecting to chasing: an evaluation

Pizzey R., Hunt N.
Harm Reduction Journal: 2008, 5:24.
British needle exchanges which piloted distribution of foil packs for smoking heroin found they were widely used and may have increased attendance and reduced the number of injections, lending weight to calls to legalise such provision.

STUDY 2012 HTM file
A pilot randomised controlled trial of brief versus twice weekly versus standard supervised consumption in patients on opiate maintenance treatment

Holland R., Matheson C., Anthony G. et al.
Drug and Alcohol Review: 2012, 31(4), p. 483–491.
What happens when opiate-addicted patients are suddenly no longer required to take their methadone under supervision but can take it away from the pharmacy? In Scotland this was tried in the first UK randomised trial; patients stayed longer in treatment and there was no dramatic escalation in heroin use.

STUDY 2012 HTM file
The role of demographic characteristics and readiness to change in 12-month outcome from two distinct brief interventions for impaired drivers

Brown T.G., Dongier M., Ouimet M.C. et al.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment: 2012, 42, p. 383–391.
Can repeat drink-driving offenders be swayed by just 30 minutes with a therapist, and would those minutes best be spent in motivational interviewing or providing information on alcohol? This Canadian study hints that 'Yes' is the answer to both questions – but only hints.

STUDY 2010 HTM file
Using enhanced and integrated services to improve response to standard methadone treatment: changing the clinical infrastructure of treatment networks

Neufeld K., Kidorf M., King V. et al.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment: 2010, 38, p. 170–177.
Heroin addicts in Baltimore who still used drugs heavily despite being on methadone were sent to a special clinic for intensified care reinforced by sanctions and incentives and eventual discharge if still they failed to comply. Tough love perhaps, but does it really make sense to intensify compliance requirements on patients already not complying?

STUDY 2010 HTM file
A randomized experimental study of gender-responsive substance abuse treatment for women in prison

Messina N., Grella C.E., Cartier J. et al.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment: 2010, 38, p. 97–107.
From the USA a rare randomised controlled trial of prison-based substance use treatment for women finds substantial benefits from replacing a standard prison therapeutic community programme with one based on extensive trauma-informed and gender-responsive elements delivered in an entirely woman-only environment.

STUDY 2010 HTM file
Home- versus office-based buprenorphine inductions for opioid-dependent patients

Sohler N.L., Li X., Kunins H.V. et al.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment: 2010, 38, p. 153–159.
Is is safe and will heroin-dependent patients complete the process and stay in treatment if they start buprenorphine maintenance at home rather than being observed and doses adjusted at the clinic? This US study suggests this is feasible, saving time for all concerned, but also hints at possible (in this case, rare) complications.


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