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REVIEW 2013 HTM file
Maintenance agonist treatments for opiate dependent pregnant women

Is it better to prescribe pregnant opioid-dependent women methadone, buprenorphine or oral morphine? Just four randomised trials have addressed this issue and their findings are inconclusive, suggesting greater holding power for methadone but less severe neonatal withdrawal with buprenorphine.

REVIEW 2016 HTM file
Buprenorphine versus methadone for opioid dependence in pregnancy

Among pregnant women, substitute prescribing is preferable to continued illicit opioid use and supervised withdrawal. Buprenorphine has different properties to the dominant treatment option methadone, but both stand to improve pregnancy and infant outcomes.

REVIEW 1999 PDF file 592Kb
Pressure pays

The UK increasingly relies on court-ordered treatment to reduce drug-related crime, but can this really do the trick? Distinguished British expert Philip Bean assesses the evidence.

STUDY 2000 PDF file 149Kb
Clash of philosophies impedes work with young drug using offenders

Two innovative British projects provide valuable lessons about the problems of integrating drug counsellors in a youth justice setting and how these might be dealt with in order to more effectively tackle youth offending.

STUDY 2000 PDF file 110Kb
Mandatory aftercare (probably) reduces recidivism after prison treatment

Reduced reoffending after treatment in Texas's first prison-based therapeutic community for drug users depended on completion of a residential aftercare phase, reinforcing the throughcare element of UK prison service plans.

STUDY 2000 PDF file 581Kb
Force in the sunshine state

Early in the 1960s administrative blunders in California paved the way for what remains the most convincing test of court-ordered treatment. The mistakes created a near-perfect yet natural control group against which to compare outcomes.

STUDY 2000 PDF file 147Kb
Throughcare fails to build on prison treatment

A UK Home Office report reveals that proactive organisation of post-release treatment following treatment in prison is the exception. Reductions in drug use and crime would probably be greater if the barriers to arranging throughcare could be overcome.

STUDY 2001 PDF file 112Kb
Treatment and testing orders should make a substantial dent in drug-related social costs

DTTOs were the UK's first borrowing from US drug courts with judges in the driving seat of treatment in sentences intended to avoid prison for drug-driven offenders. This evaluation reveals plusses but also minuses in the form of widespread breaches.

STUDY 2001 PDF file 1065Kb
First test for the DTTO

Drug treatment and testing orders imposed by UK courts led the drive to cut drug-related crime, but a close inspection of the pilot study reveals that their own key indicator – test results – failed to demonstrate the orders' effectiveness.

STUDY 2003 PDF file 268Kb
DTTOs: the Scottish way cuts the failure rate

Though rare in Scotland, failure is the norm for drug treatment and testing orders (court-ordered treatment as an alternative to normal sentencing) in England and Wales, leading to high reconviction rates. Two studies help account for the difference.

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